[Immunotherapy of lung cancer]

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in lung cancer is a new effective treatment as part of a complex treatment strategy. In the advanced stage of non-small cell non-squamous lung cancer, without actionable mutation, the immune monotherapy or combination treatment with platinum based chemotherapy is a new standard of care depending on PD-L1 status. In case of advanced squamous cell lung cancer the situation is similar. The exact role of combination PD-1 axis and CTLA-4 inhibitor treatment with or without chemotherapy is not exactly defined. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy can be used in second or more line treatment as well. After exhaustion of targeted treatment the efficacy of the combination of immunotherapy with angiogenesis inhibitor and platinum based chemotherapy is promising. In locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer after radiochemotherapy the consolidation PD-L1 inhibitor treatment is a new standard of care in case of PD-L1 positivity. There are Phase III trials in neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting as well. In extensive stage small cell lung cancer the platinum-etoposide treatment with PD-L1 inhibitor is a new standard, but we do not have any effective biomarkers yet.