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Elevated plasma sTIM-3 levels in patients with severe COVID-19
Thor Ueland1, Lars Heggelund2, Andreas Lind3
1Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Health Sciences, K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|September 24, 2020
Summary
Severe COVID-19 outcomes are linked to elevated levels of soluble T-cell immunoglobulin mucin domain-3 (sTIM-3) and myeloperoxidase, indicating immune cell activation. These markers suggest potential therapeutic targets for managing severe coronavirus disease 2019.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- The precise mechanisms driving COVID-19 pathogenesis remain unclear, but immune system activation and dysregulation are implicated.
- Understanding immune cell involvement is crucial for developing effective treatments for coronavirus disease 2019.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate leukocyte subset activation in COVID-19 patients.
- To correlate immune activation markers with disease severity and intensive care unit (ICU) admission.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed plasma levels of myeloperoxidase, sCD25, sTIM-3, sCD14, and sCD163 in 39 COVID-19 patients.
- Assessed markers at admission and during the first 10 days of hospitalization.
- Correlated marker levels with ICU admission, respiratory failure (Pao2/FiO2 ratio), and cardiac markers (NT-proBNP).
Main Results:
- High sTIM-3 and myeloperoxidase levels were associated with severe COVID-19 requiring ICU treatment.
- sCD14 and sCD163 showed no correlation with ICU admission.
- Elevated sCD25, sTIM-3, and myeloperoxidase correlated with respiratory and cardiac dysfunction.
Conclusions:
- Neutrophil and T-cell activation are key players in COVID-19 pathogenesis.
- Targeting T-cell activation and neutrophil pathways may offer therapeutic benefits for severe COVID-19.
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