Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Fixed Action Patterns01:06

Fixed Action Patterns

17.1K
A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
17.1K
Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

64.5K
Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
64.5K
Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

31.0K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
31.0K
Life Histories01:29

Life Histories

22.2K
Overview
22.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cuttlefish Turn Slowly but Tightly with Directional Flexibility Using Short Vortex Ring Jets.

The Biological bulletin·2026
Same author

When Animals Turn Inside Out: The Eversion of Bloodworms.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics·2026
Same author

Squid paralarvae turn with high agility using jets near the Reynolds number threshold for viscous domination.

The Journal of experimental biology·2025
Same author

Conducting Impactful Research at Primarily Undergraduate Institutions.

Integrative and comparative biology·2025
Same author

It Is Hard to Be Soft: Length-Force Relationships in Muscles of Hydrostatically Supported Animals.

Integrative and comparative biology·2025
Same author

Hydrodynamic Diversity of Jets Mediated by Giant and Non-Giant Axon Systems in Brief Squid.

Integrative and comparative biology·2023
Same journal

Conserved skeletal muscle transcriptomic responses to pacing strategies in Thoroughbred horses.

Biology open·2026
Same journal

An open-source high-precision hive for long-term honeybee observation and research.

Biology open·2026
Same journal

Signaling through RXRb and its agonist, bexarotene, promotes neuron formation in Xenopus laevis embryos.

Biology open·2026
Same journal

Testing the limits: the impact of extreme functional hip width on the muscular demands of walking.

Biology open·2026
Same journal

Retraction: Assessment of seasonal, substrate and hormonal factors influencing the propagation and rooting of Camellia rubriflora's cuttings.

Biology open·2026
Same journal

Opsin gene evolution in aquatic, amphibious and terrestrial blennies (Blenniidae).

Biology open·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions
07:34

The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions

Published on: February 16, 2017

8.3K

Squids use multiple escape jet patterns throughout ontogeny.

Carly A York1, Ian K Bartol2, Paul S Krueger3

  • 1Department of Biology, Lenoir-Rhyne University, Hickory, NC 28601, USA Carly.York@lr.edu.

Biology Open
|September 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Squid escape jets, crucial for survival, show high propulsive efficiency across all life stages. Paralarvae and juvenile/adult escape jet I patterns are most efficient, demonstrating adaptability in marine ecosystems.

Keywords:
Escape jetParalarvaePropulsive efficiencySquidVelocimetry

More Related Videos

In Situ Hybridization Techniques for Paraffin-Embedded Adult Coral Samples
07:24

In Situ Hybridization Techniques for Paraffin-Embedded Adult Coral Samples

Published on: August 31, 2018

7.4K
Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Defects in Larval Zebrafish by Birefringence and Touch-evoke Escape Response Assays
08:01

Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Defects in Larval Zebrafish by Birefringence and Touch-evoke Escape Response Assays

Published on: December 13, 2013

8.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 7, 2025

The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions
07:34

The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions

Published on: February 16, 2017

8.3K
In Situ Hybridization Techniques for Paraffin-Embedded Adult Coral Samples
07:24

In Situ Hybridization Techniques for Paraffin-Embedded Adult Coral Samples

Published on: August 31, 2018

7.4K
Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Defects in Larval Zebrafish by Birefringence and Touch-evoke Escape Response Assays
08:01

Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Defects in Larval Zebrafish by Birefringence and Touch-evoke Escape Response Assays

Published on: December 13, 2013

8.3K

Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Biomechanics
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Squid are vital to marine food webs, acting as both predators and prey.
  • The escape jet, a rapid water expulsion, is key for squid predation avoidance.
  • Little is known about how escape jet dynamics and efficiency change throughout squid development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hydrodynamics and kinematics of squid escape jets across all life stages.
  • To compare the propulsive efficiency of different escape jet patterns in squid ontogeny.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 2D/3D velocimetry and high-speed videography to analyze squid escape jets.
  • Examined escape jet patterns and their associated fluid dynamics in various squid life stages.

Main Results:

  • All squid life stages produced two distinct escape jet patterns: 'escape jet I' (vortex rings) and 'escape jet II' (high-volume jets).
  • Paralarvae demonstrated higher propulsive efficiency than adult squid.
  • Escape jet I showed higher propulsive efficiency than escape jet II in juveniles and adults.

Conclusions:

  • Squid exhibit flexible escape jet strategies throughout their ontogeny, adapting to morphological and ecological changes.
  • Escape jets are highly efficient propulsive mechanisms across all squid life stages, crucial for survival in marine ecosystems.