Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

467
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
467
Intellectual Disability01:29

Intellectual Disability

408
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
408
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

597
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
597
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

761
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
761
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

599
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
599
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

361
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
361

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Non-Invasive Measurement of Cortical Plasticity in Brain Tumour Surgery: A Monocentric Experience of nTMS Mapping and Definition of Cognitive Reshaping Based on Tumour Histological Grade.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Pathways for learning arithmetic: Distinct dynamics for associative and procedural acquisition.

Cognition·2026
Same author

Domain-general and domain-specific cognitive factors mediating the relationship between math anxiety and mathematical performance in primary school children.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Proposal of Brain Plasticity Index Based on Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Metric of Functional Displacement for Language Function.

World neurosurgery·2025
Same author

Brain Activity During Repetitive Cognitive Load in Young Adults: a Pilot Study.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

Stronger reliance on visual perceptual history in individuals with higher math anxiety.

BMC biology·2025
Same journal

Preface.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same journal

Foreword.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same journal

Fundus autofluorescence imaging.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same journal

The electroretinogram as a means to study the physiology of the retina.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same journal

Adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
Same journal

Modeling the human retina in a dish: Advances and future directions.

Handbook of clinical neurology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA
10:58

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA

Published on: August 28, 2021

4.9K

Learning disabilities: Developmental dyscalculia.

Elisa Castaldi1, Manuela Piazza2, Teresa Iuculano3

  • 1Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA DRF/I2BM, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|September 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developmental dyscalculia (DD) is a learning disability impacting number comprehension. Research highlights its heterogeneous nature, involving general cognitive functions and specific numerical deficits, with interventions showing positive outcomes.

Keywords:
ArithmeticDevelopmental disabilitiesDevelopmental dyscalculiaMathematics learning disabilityNonsymbolicNumber senseNumeric cognitionNumerosity perceptionSpecific learning disabilitiesSymbolic

More Related Videos

Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age
15:00

Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age

Published on: May 1, 2020

8.7K
Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
09:00

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA
10:58

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA

Published on: August 28, 2021

4.9K
Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age
15:00

Assessing Dyslexia at Six Year of Age

Published on: May 1, 2020

8.7K
Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
09:00

Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education

Published on: August 16, 2024

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Developmental dyscalculia (DD) is a learning disability characterized by persistent difficulties with basic numerical and arithmetic concepts.
  • Despite normal intelligence and education, DD significantly impacts daily life, affecting personal and professional development.
  • A lack of a universally accepted definition contributes to varied diagnostic profiles for DD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the behavioral and neural characteristics of developmental dyscalculia.
  • To explore neurocognitive and etiological accounts of this neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • To emphasize the multicomponential and heterogeneous nature of DD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the behavioral and neural aspects of DD.
  • Analysis of neurocognitive and etiological theories.
  • Synthesis of findings on intervention effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • DD is a heterogeneous disability affecting mathematical competence through suboptimal general cognitive functions (attention, memory, cognitive control) and specific numerical deficits.
  • Different cognitive profiles can be associated with DD.
  • Interventions targeting core numerical abilities or multiple neurocognitive systems yield positive outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental dyscalculia is a complex, heterogeneous disorder with diverse cognitive underpinnings.
  • Effective interventions can address core numerical skills or broader neurocognitive systems.
  • Further research is needed to refine definitions and diagnostic criteria for DD.