YAP and TAZ Are Not Identical Twins
Francesca Reggiani1, Giulia Gobbi1, Alessia Ciarrocchi1
1Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL- IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|September 28, 2020
Summary
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and TAZ (WWTR1) are paralogs regulating cell growth. Despite commonalities, they possess distinct roles in development and cancer, meriting further investigation for mechanistic and translational insights.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Yes-associated protein (YAP) and TAZ (WWTR1) are paralog transcriptional regulators.
- They integrate mechanical, metabolic, and signaling inputs to control cell growth and differentiation.
- YAP and TAZ have common and distinct structural features and regulatory mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on the biological functions of YAP and TAZ.
- To highlight the differential roles that distinguish these two paralogues.
- To underscore the implications of their divergent roles in mechanistic and translational studies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on YAP and TAZ.
- Analysis of structural features and transcriptional partners.
- Comparison of documented biological functions and regulatory mechanisms.
Main Results:
- YAP and TAZ interact with shared and specific transcriptional partners.
- They control nonidentical transcriptional programs.
- Despite common perception, YAP and TAZ play distinctive or contrasting roles in various contexts.
Conclusions:
- The functional redundancy of YAP and TAZ is often overstated.
- Their divergent roles are underexplored but crucial for understanding development and neoplastic progression.
- Further research into differential functions is essential for mechanistic and translational applications.
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