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The Uncertainty Principle

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Realizing a deterministic source of multipartite-entangled photonic qubits.

Jean-Claude Besse¹, Kevin Reuer², Michele C Collodo²

¹Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland. jbesse@phys.ethz.ch.

Nature Communications

|September 28, 2020

Summary

Researchers deterministically generated multi-mode photonic entangled states, including cluster, GHZ, and W states. This breakthrough overcomes challenges in quantum information processing and many-body physics research.

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Last Updated: Dec 7, 2025

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

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Area of Science:

Quantum Information Science
Quantum Many-Body Physics
Quantum Optics

Background:

Entangled electromagnetic radiation is crucial for quantum information processing.
Generating multi-mode entangled states with large entanglement length deterministically remains a significant challenge.
Existing methods are often probabilistic or limited to specific state types.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the deterministic generation of purely photonic entangled states.
To overcome limitations of probabilistic and state-specific generation methods.
To advance the study of quantum many-body physics using controlled entangled states.

Main Methods:

Sequential emission of microwave photons from a controlled auxiliary system into a waveguide.
Tomographic reconstruction of quantum many-body states for up to N=4 photonic modes.
Process tomography to infer quantum states for larger N.

Main Results:

Fully deterministic generation of cluster, GHZ, and W entangled states.
Successful tomographic reconstruction of multi-mode photonic states.
Estimation of localizable entanglement persisting over approximately ten photonic qubits.

Conclusions:

The developed method enables deterministic, versatile generation of multi-mode photonic entangled states.
This technique provides a powerful tool for quantum information processing and quantum simulation.
The ability to generate and control complex entangled states opens new avenues for fundamental physics research.