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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

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Glaucoma neurodegeneration and myopia.

Jost B Jonas1, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas1, Ya Xing Wang2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karis-University, Mannheim, Germany.

Progress in Brain Research
|September 29, 2020
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Summary

Glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) prevalence rises with longer eye axial length, especially in myopia. Highly myopic eyes require careful examination for optic nerve damage.

Keywords:
GlaucomaGlaucomatous optic neuropathyHigh myopiaLamina cribrosaMyopiaOptic discOptic nerve headParapapillary delta zoneParapapillary gamma zone

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Optic Neuropathy Research
  • Myopia Studies

Background:

  • Axial length is a key factor in optic neuropathy.
  • High myopia is associated with specific ocular structural changes.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for diagnosing optic nerve damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between axial length and glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) prevalence.
  • To identify clinical parameters associated with increased GON risk in highly myopic eyes.
  • To differentiate GON from non-glaucomatous optic nerve damage in myopia.

Main Methods:

  • Hospital-based study analyzing axial length and optic neuropathy prevalence.
  • Evaluation of histological changes in the lamina cribrosa and scleral flange.
  • Assessment of clinical parameters like optic disc size and parapapillary zones.

Main Results:

  • GON prevalence increases beyond 26.5mm axial length, reaching 42% in eyes ≥30mm.
  • Myopia is linked to lamina cribrosa elongation/thinning and scleral flange changes.
  • Enlarged optic disc and parapapillary delta zone correlate with higher GON prevalence.

Conclusions:

  • Longer axial length, particularly in myopia, significantly elevates GON risk.
  • Ocular structural changes in high myopia contribute to increased optic neuropathy.
  • Clinical assessment of optic disc and parapapillary zones is vital for detecting optic nerve damage in myopic patients.