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Related Concept Videos

Axial and Appendicular Muscles01:18

Axial and Appendicular Muscles

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Skeletal muscles, the key players in our body's movement, can be classified into two groups based on their location and function: axial muscles and appendicular muscles. These classifications reflect the primary roles the muscles play in the body's structure and movement.
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Axial muscles, situated along the body's midline, are intricately connected to the axial skeleton, which includes the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum. These muscles facilitate facial expressions and...
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Fascicle Arrangement in Skeletal Muscles01:25

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Fascicles are bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle. Muscle fascicle arrangement is directly associated with the power and range of motion of various muscles. The configuration of these fascicles can vary, leading to different functional outcomes.
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Skeletal Muscle Anatomy00:55

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Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of muscle in the body. Tendons are the connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bones. Skeletal muscles pull on tendons, which in turn pull on bones to carry out voluntary movements.
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Gross Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles01:12

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The connective tissues play a significant role in arranging the muscle fibers into a hierarchical structure that forms a complete muscle. Consider a muscle like the bicep brachii, commonly called the bicep. This muscle comprises thousands of muscle fibers enclosed by a protective layer of connective tissue called the endomysium. The endomysium is primarily composed of reticular fibers, a type of thin collagen fiber. It allows the exchange of nutrients and waste products at the fiber level,...
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Overview of Muscle Tissues01:25

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The human body has three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Each class has unique properties that enable them to perform specific functions. However, all muscle tissues share certain properties, including elasticity, contractility, and excitability. 
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Actin and myosin or actomyosin filaments also play a significant role in cells other than those involved in muscle contraction (which occurs within the sarcomere of muscle cells). The mechanism of non-muscle cell contractile bundles was first observed in Dictyostelium and Acanthamoeba. In non-muscle cells, two bundles are commonly found: stress fibers and actomyosin adherence belts. These contractile bundles are smaller and less organized than the ones found in muscle cells. They  are held...
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Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Obtaining Quality Extended Field-of-View Ultrasound Images of Skeletal Muscle to Measure Muscle Fascicle Length
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Appendix muscle bands, a forgotten entity.

Adriana Handra-Luca1

  • 1Service d'Anatomie pathologique, APHP GHU Avicenne, Universite Paris Nord Sorbonne Cite, Bobigny, France.

Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.)
|September 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Appendix muscle bands (AMB) are often incidentally found during appendectomy microscopy. These bands frequently associate with acute appendicitis and other appendix abnormalities.

Keywords:
appendicitisappendixmalformationmicroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Histology

Background:

  • Appendix muscle bands (AMB) are infrequently documented structures originating from the appendix muscle layer into the mesoappendix.
  • Recent literature on AMB is scarce, highlighting a need for further characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphological characteristics of appendix muscle bands (AMB) identified during microscopic examination of appendectomy specimens.
  • To correlate these morphological features with clinical and pathological parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Microscopic examination of 66 appendectomy specimens with identified AMB using routine hematoxylin and eosin staining.
  • Analysis of morphological features and association with clinico-pathological parameters.

Main Results:

  • Appendix muscle bands were multiple in 35 cases and varied in location within the appendix.
  • Associated findings included acute appendicitis (60%), muscle hiatus (45%), neuroma (6%), mesoappendix cyst (2%), and diverticulae (1%).
  • Two distinct microscopic types were observed: muscle-AMB and mesoappendix-AMB.

Conclusions:

  • Appendix muscle bands are often incidental findings during appendectomy specimen microscopy.
  • Acute appendicitis is a common comorbidity, regardless of AMB microscopy type.
  • AMB can coexist with various appendix abnormalities, including neuroma, mesoappendix cysts, muscle hiatus, and diverticulae.