Ocular Gnathostomiasis Presenting as Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Infectious Diseases
• Parasitology

Background:

• Ocular Gnathostomiasis is a rare parasitic infection caused by the nematode Gnathostoma.
• It can manifest with diverse ocular symptoms, often mimicking other inflammatory or vascular conditions.

Observation:

• A 22-year-old woman presented with decreased vision, anterior uveitis, and branch retinal artery occlusion with intraretinal and vitreous hemorrhage.
• Upon re-examination, a live worm was identified on the corneal surface, with findings of panuveitis and vitreous hemorrhage.

Findings:

• The patient's symptoms and ocular findings were attributed to ocular Gnathostomiasis.
• Surgical removal of the intraocular worm from the anterior chamber was performed.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of severe ocular inflammation and vascular events.
• Early diagnosis and intervention, including surgical removal of the parasite, are crucial for preserving vision in cases of ocular Gnathostomiasis.