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Intraobserver Reliability and Construct Validity of the Squat Test in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Maaike M Eken1, Annet J Dallmeijer, Annemieke I Buizer
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (Drs Eken, Dallmeijer, Buizer, van Hutten, Piening, and van der Krogt), Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery (Dr Eken), Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, Tygerberg, South Africa; Heliomare Rehabilitation Center (Mrs Hogervorst and Dr Houdijk), Wijk aan Zee, the Netherlands; Department of Human Movement Sciences (Dr Houdijk), Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Purpose:
This study evaluated intraobserver reliability and construct validity of the squat test to assess lower extremity strength in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and spastic diplegia.
Methods:
Children with CP performed 2 trials of the squat test and calculated the intraclass correlation coefficient to evaluate intraobserver reliability. Correlations between outcomes of hand-held dynamometry (HHD) of knee extensor strength and an 8-repetition maximum (8RM) leg press test and the squat test were calculated to evaluate construct validity.
Results:
Excellent intraobserver reliability was observed for the squat test. Correlations between squat test performance and HHD knee extension and 8RM leg press test demonstrated good construct validity.
Conclusions:
The squat test is a reliable and valid tool to assess lower extremity strength in children with CP and spastic diplegia. The squat test is inexpensive and less time-consuming, and therefore particularly suitable for clinicians.
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