Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

1.5K
Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
1.5K
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

848
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
848
Endotracheal Tube Extubation01:24

Endotracheal Tube Extubation

2.7K
Endotracheal tube extubation is a critical procedure in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. It involves physically removing the oral or nasal endotracheal (ET) tube, marking the final step in liberating a patient from ventilatory support.
Procedure
Extubation removes the endotracheal tube (ETT) from the patient on mechanical ventilation. It requires a well-coordinated, multidisciplinary approach involving physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other healthcare professionals....
2.7K
Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation01:25

Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation

2.0K
Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...
2.0K
Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management01:17

Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management

2.0K
Endotracheal intubation is a critical procedure that can be lifesaving for many patients with respiratory distress or failure. The role of nursing in managing endotracheal tubes is pivotal, as it involves pre-intubation preparation, assisting during the procedure, and post-extubation care.
1. Nursing Care of Patients Before Intubation
Before the endotracheal intubation procedure, nurses play an essential role in ensuring the process goes smoothly. The nurses must be familiar with intubation...
2.0K
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

2.5K
Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hemodynamic Monitoring in the Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit.

Cardiology clinics·2026
Same author

Association Between Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Propensity-Matched Study.

ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)·2026
Same author

A CBC drawn postnatally from umbilical cord blood can provide valuable diagnostic information for infants admitted to the NICU.

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association·2026
Same author

Using large language models to enhance clinically-driven missing data recovery algorithms in electronic health records.

JAMIA open·2026
Same author

Profiling of Both Dipeptidyl Peptidase III and Renin Reveals Higher Mortality in Septic Shock.

Research square·2026
Same author

Incidence and Outcomes of Refractory Septic Shock per Consensus Clinical Criteria: A Multicohort Retrospective Study.

Critical care medicine·2026
Same journal

Intensive Care Unit and Hospital Mortality for non-COVID Critically ill Patients Before, and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Alberta Hospitals: Retrospective, Observational Cohort Study.

Journal of intensive care medicine·2026
Same journal

Long-Acting Insulin and Hypoglycemia in Critically Ill Patients with Diabetes: A Sensitivity Analysis.

Journal of intensive care medicine·2026
Same journal

On the Distribution of Baseline Severity Markers: A Contribution to the Interpretation of Long-Acting Insulin use in Surgical ICU Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Journal of intensive care medicine·2026
Same journal

Remimazolam Versus Midazolam for Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Severe Pneumonia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of intensive care medicine·2026
Same journal

Chronic Opioid use in Adult Survivors of Pediatric ICU Admissions in Nova Scotia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal of intensive care medicine·2026
Same journal

The Middle Ground: Midline Catheter use and Trainee Involvement in US Critical Care Fellowships.

Journal of intensive care medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
07:52

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department

Published on: January 29, 2011

16.7K

Risk Factors for and Outcomes Associated With Peri-Intubation Hypoxemia: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Nathan J Smischney1,2, Ashish K Khanna3,4, Ernesto Brauer5

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, 4352Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine
|October 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Critically ill patients undergoing endotracheal intubation face hypoxemia risks from factors like emergency intubation and difficult ventilation. Higher baseline oxygen levels protect against this, and hypoxemia is linked to increased mortality.

Keywords:
critically illendotracheal intubationhypoxemiamulticenterprediction modelingprospective study

More Related Videos

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans
09:54

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

Published on: December 22, 2016

9.2K
Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
07:48

Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: October 28, 2022

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
07:52

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department

Published on: January 29, 2011

16.7K
A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans
09:54

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

Published on: December 22, 2016

9.2K
Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
07:48

Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: October 28, 2022

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Hypoxemia during endotracheal intubation in critically ill patients is poorly understood.
  • Identifying risk factors and outcomes associated with peri-intubation hypoxemia is crucial for improving patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for peri-intubation hypoxemia in critically ill adults.
  • To determine the effects of peri-intubation hypoxemia on patient outcomes, including mortality and ICU length of stay.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, prospective cohort study involved 1,033 critically ill adults undergoing endotracheal intubation.
  • Hypoxemia was defined as pulse oximetry ≤ 88% during or up to 30 minutes post-intubation.
  • Logistic regression identified independent risk factors and outcome associations.

Main Results:

  • 11.9% of patients experienced peri-intubation hypoxemia.
  • Independent risk factors included cardiac reasons for intubation, pre-intubation noninvasive ventilation, emergency intubation, difficult bag-mask ventilation, and crystalloid administration.
  • Higher baseline oxygen saturation (SpO2) was protective.
  • Peri-intubation hypoxemia was associated with increased in-hospital mortality but not ICU length of stay.

Conclusions:

  • Emergent intubation in hemodynamically compromised patients with pre-existing noninvasive ventilation and difficult bag-mask ventilation increases hypoxemia risk.
  • Higher baseline SpO2 is protective against peri-intubation hypoxemia.
  • Peri-intubation hypoxemia is linked to higher in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients.