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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
242
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
117
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

144
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

222
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
222
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
231
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

241
The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
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Related Experiment Video

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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques
06:29

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Left ventricular apical thrombi: Silent but terrifying.

Gökhan Demirci1, Ezgi G Güner1, Büşra Çörekcioğlu1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.

Journal of Cardiac Surgery
|October 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A large left ventricular thrombus causing dyspnea was identified. Surgical resection of the thrombus and aneurysmectomy were performed for treatment.

Keywords:
aortic valvecomputed tomography angiographyechocardiographymyocardial infarctionthrombus

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery

Background:

  • Left ventricular (LV) thrombus is a serious complication, often associated with impaired cardiac function and increased embolic risk.
  • Aneurysmal dilatation of the LV apex can predispose to thrombus formation.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with dyspnea due to a massive, hypermobile left ventricular thrombus (8.6 x 2 cm).
  • The thrombus extended to the aortic valve and originated from an apical LV aneurysm.

Findings:

  • Echocardiography confirmed the large size and precarious location of the LV thrombus.
  • The thrombus was successfully removed via surgical resection, alongside aneurysmectomy.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention for large, mobile LV thrombi.
  • Complete thrombus resection and aneurysmectomy can be an effective treatment strategy, potentially reducing embolic events and improving cardiac function.