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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Author Spotlight: Ex Vivo OCT-Based Multimodal Imaging of Human Donor Eyes for Research into Age-Related Macular Degeneration
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Outer Foveal Microdefects.

Salomon Y Cohen1, Sarah Mrejen2, Sylvia Nghiem-Buffet2

  • 1Ophthalmology Center for Imaging and Laser, Paris, France; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Paris Est-Creteil, Paris, France.

Ophthalmology. Retina
|October 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) sign, the outer foveal microdefect (OFMD), is identified in various macular conditions. This finding may warrant renaming from macular microhole to better reflect its diverse associations.

Keywords:
Macular microholeOCTOuter foveal microdefectPachychoroidPosterior vitreous detachment

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Retinal Diseases

Background:

  • Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is crucial for visualizing retinal structures.
  • Foveal abnormalities can lead to significant visual impairment.
  • Accurate identification and classification of macular conditions are essential for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and describe a novel SD-OCT clinical sign: the outer foveal microdefect (OFMD).
  • To correlate OFMD with various underlying macular pathologies.
  • To propose a revised nomenclature for this finding.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 45 patients with OFMD.
  • Imaging modalities included color photography, SD-OCT, and ancillary tests (autofluorescence, angiography).
  • Analysis of patient demographics, OFMD characteristics, clinical course, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Fifty-one eyes exhibited OFMD associated with diverse macular conditions, including vitreomacular interface changes, macular edema sequelae, trauma, phototoxicity, and macular telangiectasia type 2.
  • Symptoms reported were central scotoma, metamorphopsia, and visual loss.
  • Improvement in OFMD diameter was observed in a subset of followed-up eyes.

Conclusions:

  • The outer foveal microdefect (OFMD) is a distinct SD-OCT finding.
  • OFMD is associated with a broader range of macular conditions than previously implied by the term 'macular microhole'.
  • Renaming the finding to outer foveal microdefect is suggested to encompass traumatic and degenerative etiologies, particularly in pachychoroid spectrum disorders.