Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Optimization of the Retinal Vein Occlusion Mouse Model to Limit Variability
07:23

Optimization of the Retinal Vein Occlusion Mouse Model to Limit Variability

Published on: August 6, 2021

3.1K

Risk factors for central retinal vein occlusion in young adults

Tony Y Chen1, Aditya Uppuluri1, Marco A Zarbin1

  • 1The Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.

European Journal of Ophthalmology
|October 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in young adults is linked to primary open-angle glaucoma, retinal vasculitis, and pseudotumor cerebri. Hypercoagulable states and deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism are also associated risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is typically associated with older populations.
  • Risk factors for CRVO in younger individuals (18-40 years) are not well-established.
  • Understanding these risk factors is crucial for early diagnosis and intervention in young patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and evaluate the risk factors associated with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in patients aged 18 to 40 years.
  • To analyze the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for demographic and clinical data of young CRVO patients.
  • To compare risk factors in young CRVO patients with age- and gender-matched controls.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, cross-sectional study utilizing the 2002-2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.
  • Identification of patients aged 18-40 with a primary diagnosis of CRVO.
  • Age- and gender-matched non-CRVO controls were selected; statistical analyses included Chi-square and Firth logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) showed a strong association (OR 836.72), followed by retinal vasculitis (OR 705.82) and pseudotumor cerebri (OR 35.94).
  • Hypercoagulable states (OR 25.25) and history of deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE) (OR 21.88) were significant risk factors.
  • Hyperlipidemia was also a significant risk factor (OR 3.60), while hypertension and diabetes were not.

Conclusions:

  • The leading risk factors for CRVO in young adults are POAG, retinal vasculitis, and pseudotumor cerebri.
  • Hypercoagulable states and DVT/PE are notably associated with CRVO in this demographic.
  • Unlike older populations, systemic inflammatory conditions, hypertension, and diabetes were not significant risk factors in young adults.
Abstract

Keywords:
CRVO – medical therapiesRetinaarterial occlusive diseaseretinal degenerations associated with systemic diseaseretinal vascular diseasevenous occlusive disease

More Related Videos

In Vivo Vascular Injury Readouts in Mouse Retina to Promote Reproducibility07:35

In Vivo Vascular Injury Readouts in Mouse Retina to Promote Reproducibility

Published on: April 21, 2022

2.5K
Author Spotlight: Overcoming Anti-VEGF Resistance Through Advanced Vascular Morphology Assessment in Choroidal Neovascularization05:14

Author Spotlight: Overcoming Anti-VEGF Resistance Through Advanced Vascular Morphology Assessment in Choroidal Neovascularization

Published on: August 11, 2023

1.4K

Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
152
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
168
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
8.2K
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
1.1K
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
861
Varicose Veins I: Introduction01:26

Varicose Veins I: Introduction

Varicose veins, or varicosities, are abnormally dilated and twisted superficial veins caused by venous valve incompetence. This condition commonly affects the lower extremities, especially the saphenous veins, due to the higher pressure from prolonged standing and walking. However, varicosities can also occur in other areas, such as the esophagus, vulva, spermatic cords, and anorectal region.Etiology and typesPrimary varicose veins, often idiopathic, are more common in women due to inherent...
95