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Phenotyping chronic tinnitus patients using self-report questionnaire data: cluster analysis and visual comparison.

Uli Niemann1, Petra Brueggemann2, Benjamin Boecking2

  • 1Faculty of Computer Science, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany. uli.niemann@ovgu.de.

Scientific Reports
|October 3, 2020
PubMed
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Researchers identified four distinct patient subgroups for chronic tinnitus using cluster analysis. Visualizing these phenotypes may help tailor treatments for better outcomes in tinnitus management.

Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Psychology
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Chronic tinnitus is a complex condition with varied patient experiences.
  • Current treatments, combining audiological and psychological approaches, are not universally effective.
  • Identifying patient subgroups (phenotypes) could improve personalized tinnitus management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct chronic tinnitus patient phenotypes using data-driven methods.
  • To visualize these phenotypes for better understanding of their characteristics.
  • To explore the clinical relevance of identified subgroups for treatment stratification.

Main Methods:

  • Cluster analysis was applied to self-report questionnaire data from 1228 chronic tinnitus patients.
  • Fourteen questionnaires assessed various aspects including distress, loudness, mental health, and coping.

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  • Radial charts were used for visualizing and comparing phenotype characteristics.

    • Main Results:

    • Four distinct tinnitus phenotypes were identified: avoidant (56.8%), psychosomatic (14.1%), somatic (15.2%), and distress (13.9%).
    • Phenotypes differed significantly in psychological symptoms, quality of life, coping, stress, tinnitus distress, pain, and demographics.
    • Visualizations facilitated the comparison and understanding of these subgroup differences.

    Conclusions:

    • Distinct chronic tinnitus patient phenotypes can be identified using cluster analysis.
    • Visualizing these phenotypes aids in understanding their unique clinical profiles.
    • This approach may enable stratified treatment strategies and research designs for chronic tinnitus.