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Respiratory, growth, and survival outcomes of infants with tracheostomy and ventilator dependence

Gangaram Akangire1,2, Jane B Taylor3, Susan McAnany4

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA. gakangire@cmh.edu.

Pediatric Research
|October 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Outcomes for infants with tracheostomy are not well documented. This study found that premature infants with tracheostomy showed improved survival and earlier decannulation, with consistent growth patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Critical Care

Background:

  • Outcomes for infants requiring tracheostomy are not well described in existing literature.
  • There is a need to better understand respiratory, growth, and survival trajectories in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the respiratory, growth, and survival outcomes of infants with tracheostomy.
  • To compare outcomes between preterm and term infants with tracheostomy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 204 infants with tracheostomy at <1 year of age.
  • Follow-up data collected up to 4 years of age in a multidisciplinary clinic.

Main Results:

  • Mean age at tracheostomy was 4.5 months; median decannulation age was 32 months.
  • Mortality rate was 21%; preterm infants (<28 weeks gestation) with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) had higher survival.
  • Weight and weight-for-length z-scores improved post-discharge and remained consistent through 3 years.

Conclusions:

  • Infants with tracheostomy managed in a multidisciplinary clinic showed improved survival, growth, and earlier decannulation.
  • Preterm infants with BPD and tracheostomy had better survival rates than term infants.
  • This data is crucial for family counseling and medical staff education.
Abstract

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