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Related Experiment Video

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Physical Activity Measurement in Children Accepting Table Tennis Training
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Do children's expectations about future physical activity predict their physical activity in adulthood?

Benedetta Pongiglione1,2, Margaret L Kern3, J D Carpentieri2

  • 1Centre for Research on Health and Social Care Management, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy.

International Journal of Epidemiology
|October 4, 2020
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Summary

Childhood physical activity identity (PAI) predicts adult activity levels. An active identity at age 11 is linked to sustained physical activity throughout life, especially for males, but may need social support to persist.

Keywords:
Physical activityexercise identityidentitylatent class analysislife course perspectivenarrativesnatural language processingsociocultural context

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral science
  • Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Many individuals do not meet recommended physical activity (PA) levels, showing significant variation.
  • Understanding factors influencing PA trajectories is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Physical activity identity (PAI) – the degree to which PA is central to self-concept – is a potential driver of PA behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between childhood physical activity identity (PAI) and adult physical activity trajectories.
  • To explore how early self-perceptions of physical activity relate to long-term engagement in physical activity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Child Development Study, including essays written at age 11 by over 10,500 participants.
  • Employed machine learning (support vector classification) to identify mentions of PA in essays.
  • Applied latent class analysis to estimate PA trajectories from age 23 to 55 and examined correlations with childhood PAI.

Main Results:

  • 42.2% of males and 33.5% of females mentioned PA in their childhood essays.
  • Active PAI in childhood correlated with higher adult PA levels in males but not females.
  • Childhood active PAI was associated with consistently active PA trajectories across adulthood for both genders; passive PAI showed no significant association.

Conclusions:

  • Early conceptualization of activity as part of identity (age 11) has a lasting impact on adult behavior.
  • An active identity may require a supportive sociocultural context to translate into sustained physical activity.
  • This study demonstrates a novel method for analyzing large qualitative datasets to link identity and behavior.