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Development of the Clients' Perceptions of Providers' Cultural Competency Instrument.

Dula F Pacquiao1, Janet R Katz2, Victoria Sattler2

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This study validated the Clients' Perceptions of Providers' Cultural Competency instrument, offering a new tool to measure healthcare provider cultural competency from the client's viewpoint.

Keywords:
cultural competenceinstrument developmentresearch methodstranscultural nursing

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing Science
  • Transcultural Nursing
  • Healthcare Quality Improvement

Background:

  • Cultural competency in healthcare is crucial for equitable patient care.
  • Existing measures may not fully capture the client's perspective on provider cultural competency.
  • Transcultural nursing principles emphasize equity and justice in healthcare delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the Clients' Perceptions of Providers' Cultural Competency (CPPC) instrument.
  • To provide a client-centered measure of healthcare provider cultural competency.
  • To align with nursing principles of equity and justice in healthcare.

Main Methods:

  • Sequential exploratory mixed-methods design.
  • Identification of three constructs based on established theories and literature review.
  • Expert panel review for content validity.
  • Quantitative data collection from 309 participants (primarily Asian and Native Hawaiian).
  • Instrument refinement based on item-to-total correlations and reliability analyses (Cronbach's alpha).

Main Results:

  • The final instrument comprised 22 items with strong reliability (overall Cronbach's alpha = .89).
  • Construct validity was supported, with three distinct constructs accounting for 49.6% of variance (individual Cronbach's alphas: .82, .83, .76).
  • Preliminary criterion validity showed no significant differences in scores based on service location or race/ethnicity.

Conclusions:

  • The CPPC instrument effectively measures provider cultural competency from the client's perspective.
  • The validated instrument aligns with nursing's commitment to equity and justice.
  • Client engagement in care, facilitated by culturally competent providers, promotes health equity.