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Related Concept Videos

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

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Surveillance for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Jorge A Marrero1

  • 1UT Southwestern Medical Center, Professional Office Building 1, Suite 520L, 5959 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8887, USA.

Clinics in Liver Disease
|October 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Patients with liver cirrhosis face a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Regular screening using alpha-fetoprotein and liver ultrasound every six months is recommended to improve survival rates.

Keywords:
Alpha-fetoproteinCirrhosisSurveillanceUltrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Screening

Background:

  • Cirrhosis significantly elevates the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  • Effective risk stratification tools are crucial for managing patients with cirrhosis.
  • Early detection of HCC through surveillance can improve patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the optimal surveillance strategy for HCC in patients with liver cirrhosis.
  • To highlight the importance of risk stratification for HCC development.

Main Methods:

  • The study recommends a surveillance strategy combining alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) blood tests and liver ultrasound.
  • Screening is advised every six months for patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis.

Main Results:

  • The combined AFP and ultrasound strategy demonstrates approximately 65% sensitivity and 90% specificity for HCC detection.
  • This surveillance approach has been shown to reduce mortality rates in the target patient group.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of alpha-fetoprotein and liver ultrasound every six months is the recommended surveillance strategy for HCC in cirrhosis patients.
  • Careful consideration of the benefits and harms is essential when implementing surveillance protocols.