Hair-pulling disorder (Trichotillomania): Etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment in a nutshell

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Mental Health
• Dermatology

Background:

• Hair-pulling disorder (Trichotillomania) is a disabling mental disorder characterized by recurrent hair pulling, leading to hair loss and functional impairment.
• It often presents in childhood or adolescence, associated with significant morbidity and comorbidity.
• Despite its prevalence, pediatric aspects of trichotillomania's pathophysiology and psychopathology remain understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a narrative review of the etiopathogenesis and clinical manifestations of trichotillomania.
• To discuss diagnostic criteria for this complex mental disorder.
• To explore current treatment issues and highlight the need for evidence-based interventions, particularly in pediatric cases.

Main Methods:

• This study is a narrative review.
• Literature search on the etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of trichotillomania.
• Focus on pediatric onset and under-researched areas.

Main Results:

• Trichotillomania is a common disorder with pediatric onset, causing significant dysfunction.
• There is a notable lack of research on the pathophysiology and psychopathology in children and adolescents.
• Evidence-based pharmacological interventions require further investigation.

Conclusions:

• Trichotillomania is a complex disorder requiring comprehensive understanding and treatment.
• Further research is crucial, especially focusing on pediatric populations and effective interventions.
• Addressing the knowledge gaps in pediatric trichotillomania is essential for improving patient outcomes.