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Simple phantom fabrication for MRI-based HDR brachytherapy applicator commissioning.

Jessica M Fagerstrom1,2, Sukhjit Kaur1

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A community hospital established a high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy program using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for treatment planning. They developed an inexpensive phantom using household materials to test applicators before clinical use.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiotherapy
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Implementation of a new high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy program in a community hospital.
  • Goal to integrate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging into the brachytherapy treatment planning process with the implant in place.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform physics acceptance testing and commissioning of key program components, including various applicators.
  • To develop and validate a practical, cost-effective phantom for MR imaging of brachytherapy applicators prior to patient use.
  • To assess the geometric accuracy and image quality of MR imaging for different applicator types.

Main Methods:

  • Commissioning of HDR brachytherapy equipment and development of MR imaging protocols.
  • Creation of a novel MR-compatible phantom using agar gel with copper sulfate and common household materials.
  • Scanning of various applicators (tandems, rings, probes, needles, vaginal guides) within the phantom using a 1.5 T MRI scanner.
  • Rigid registration of MR images with high-resolution computed tomography (CT) images to evaluate distortion, artifacts, and geometric displacement.

Main Results:

  • Successful commissioning of HDR brachytherapy program components, including multiple applicators.
  • Demonstration of a practical and inexpensive phantom for MR imaging of applicators.
  • Validation of MR imaging sequences for brachytherapy planning by assessing geometric accuracy and image quality.
  • Successful imaging of a wide range of clinical applicators, including Varian sets, segmented cylinders, cervical probes, endometrial applicators, and third-party devices.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MR imaging approach and phantom are suitable for pre-clinical evaluation of brachytherapy applicators.
  • This method facilitates the integration of MR imaging into HDR brachytherapy planning in a community hospital setting.
  • The validated imaging protocols and phantom enable the safe and effective use of diverse applicators in clinical practice.