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Updated: Sep 23, 2026

Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic
Published on: August 25, 2016
Hard-x-ray diamond sensors for in-flight runaway electron detection on SPARC
D Vezinet1, S Normile2, B Frandeen1
1Commonwealth Fusion Systems, Devens, Massachusetts 01434, USA.
Abstract:
This paper presents the design of a pair of in-vessel x-ray cameras for SPARC. These cameras have mirrored tangential toroidal views and aim to measure the anisotropic thin-target bremsstrahlung emitted by runaway electrons interacting with the background plasma in the 10-30 keV range. This diagnostic is planned as one of the safeguards against off-normal current ramp-up scenarios, in particular during early SPARC operation. The motivations behind this diagnostic are presented, and the design is detailed with an emphasis on constraints specific to SPARC.
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