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Seeding Primordial Black Holes in Multifield Inflation.

Gonzalo A Palma¹, Spyros Sypsas², Cristobal Zenteno¹

¹Grupo de Cosmología y Astrofísica Teórica, Departamento de Física, FCFM, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2008, Santiago, Chile.

Physical Review Letters

|October 5, 2020

Summary

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may form from enhanced curvature fluctuations during cosmic inflation. This study reveals that interactions with other scalar fields, driven by rapid turns in inflationary models, can amplify these fluctuations, potentially explaining PBH formation.

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Area of Science:

Cosmology
Astrophysics
Theoretical Physics

Background:

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are hypothetical black holes formed in the early universe.
Their formation is linked to enhanced curvature fluctuations during cosmic inflation.
Standard inflationary models often assume minimal interaction with other scalar fields.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how interactions with additional scalar fields affect curvature fluctuations during inflation.
To explore mechanisms that could lead to the large enhancements needed for PBH formation.
To identify observable signatures of such interactions.

Main Methods:

Analytical derivation of curvature fluctuation power spectrum in multifield inflationary models.
Investigating the impact of rapid turns in the inflationary trajectory in field space.
Analyzing the role of noncanonical kinetic terms in the multifield action.

Main Results:

Isocurvature fluctuations can mix with curvature fluctuations, inducing significant amplitude enhancements.
Rapid turns in the inflationary trajectory lead to amplifications exponentially sensitive to the turn angle.
Large enhancements required for PBH formation necessitate noncanonical kinetic terms.

Conclusions:

Interactions between scalar fields, particularly during rapid turns, provide a viable mechanism for generating the required fluctuations for PBH formation.
Observable signatures on the curvature fluctuation power spectrum can arise from these interactions.
Noncanonical kinetic terms are crucial for achieving the necessary large enhancements in multifield inflationary models.