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Computed Tomography

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 6, 2025

Protocol for the Evaluation of MRI Artifacts Caused by Metal Implants to Assess the Suitability of Implants and the Vulnerability of Pulse Sequences

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Published on: May 17, 2018

NMAR3: Normalized Metal Artifact Reduction for Cone Beam Computed Tomography.

Huiying Liu, Tao Yang, Weimin Huang

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

|October 6, 2020

Summary

This study introduces NMAR3, an advanced method for metal artifact reduction in cone beam CT. NMAR3 significantly improves image quality and diagnostic value by using bi-linear interpolation for metal artifact reduction.

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Computational Imaging
Image Processing

Background:

Metal artifacts severely degrade Computed Tomography (CT) image quality and diagnostic value.
Existing metal artifact reduction (MAR) methods primarily focus on fan beam CT, not the trending cone beam CT (CBCT).

Purpose of the Study:

To extend the Normalized Metal Artifact Reduction (NMAR) algorithm for fan beam CT to cone beam CT (CBCT).
To develop an effective MAR technique for CBCT, addressing limitations of current fan beam methods.

Main Methods:

The NMAR algorithm was adapted for CBCT by replacing linear interpolation with bi-linear interpolation, creating NMAR3.
Experiments were conducted on 17 sets of spine phantom CT data, with 15 sets having ground truth for comparison.

Main Results:

NMAR3 demonstrated superior performance compared to the baseline bi-linear interpolation method.
Both quantitative and qualitative analyses confirmed the effectiveness of NMAR3 in reducing metal artifacts.

Conclusions:

NMAR3 is an effective method for metal artifact reduction in cone beam CT.
The proposed NMAR3 algorithm shows promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in metal-artifact-corrupted CBCT images.