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A Proposed Phonography-Based Measurement of Fetal Breathing Movement Using Segmented Structures with Frequency

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    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |October 6, 2020
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    Summary

    This study introduces a non-invasive method to detect fetal breathing movements (FBM) using sound analysis. This technique distinguishes FBM from other fetal and maternal sounds, offering a new tool for assessing fetal well-being.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Fetal breathing movement (FBM) is a key indicator of fetal well-being.
    • Accurate FBM detection is crucial for prenatal monitoring.
    • Existing methods may have limitations or require specialized equipment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a novel, non-invasive method for detecting fetal breathing movements (FBM).
    • To differentiate FBM signals from confounding sounds such as fetal hiccups, body movements, and maternal heartbeats.
    • To establish a potential tool for at-home fetal well-being assessment.

    Main Methods:

    • A signal processing approach was used, splitting the frequency band into single test frequencies to identify quiet zones (starting points, SPs).
    • Signal features were computed to distinguish FBM from noise.
    • An approximation process was employed to validate the identified SPs of FBM episodes.
    • The method was validated against 3D ultrasound in over 50 pregnancies during the third trimester.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed method successfully distinguished fetal breathing movements from other acoustic signals.
    • The technique identified starting points (SPs) of FBM episodes with an approximation process.
    • Synchronous measurements with 3D ultrasound confirmed the feasibility of the phonographic device.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed method offers a non-invasive and radiation-free approach for FBM detection.
    • This technique, especially when combined with fetal phonocardiographic (fPCG) monitoring, shows promise for home-based fetal well-being assessment.
    • The study demonstrates the clinical relevance of acoustic signal analysis for monitoring fetal health.