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Image Quality and Radiation Dose for Fibrofatty Breast using Target/filter Combinations in Two Digital Mammography

Khaled Alkhalifah1, Akram Asbeutah1, Ajit Brindhaban1

  • 1Department of Radiologic Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Sulaibikhat, Kuwait.

Journal of Clinical Imaging Science
|October 7, 2020
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Summary

The tungsten/rhodium (W/Rh) combination offers optimal image quality and reduced radiation dose for 6 cm fibrofatty breast tissue in digital mammography. This finding aids in selecting ideal target and filter materials for mammography systems.

Keywords:
Contrast-to-noise ratioDigital mammographyExposure factorsMammography phantomSignal-to-noise ratioTarget/filter combination

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiological Physics
  • Diagnostic Radiology

Background:

  • Optimizing X-ray tube target and filter materials is crucial for balancing image quality and radiation dose in digital mammography (DM).
  • Different material combinations and voltage settings significantly impact diagnostic performance and patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal target and filter material combinations for various X-ray tube voltage settings in DM.
  • To evaluate the effects of these combinations on image quality (SNR, CNR) and radiation dose using a breast-equivalent phantom.

Main Methods:

  • Two DM units with tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and rhodium (Rh) filters, and dual molybdenum (Mo) and Rh targets/filters were utilized.
  • A 6 cm fibrofatty breast-equivalent phantom was exposed using various target/filter combinations (W/Rh, W/Ag, Rh/Rh, Mo/Rh, Mo/Mo) and kV settings (28-34 kV).
  • Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated for each exposure.

Main Results:

  • The tungsten/silver (W/Ag) combination yielded the lowest entrance skin dose and mean glandular dose (MGD).
  • The W/Rh combination demonstrated a 60% reduction in MGD compared to W/Ag at 34 kV (P < 0.05).
  • The W/Rh combination achieved the best SNR and CNR at reduced radiation doses (28-30 kV), with statistically significant differences observed across all combinations (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • The tungsten/rhodium (W/Rh) combination is highly effective for imaging 6 cm fibrofatty breasts, providing superior image quality at a lower radiation dose.
  • This study provides valuable data for selecting optimal target/filter materials in digital mammography systems to enhance diagnostic accuracy and patient safety.