Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 6, 2025
07:42
Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
Published on: December 20, 2024
621
Viscous behavior of resin composite cements
Daniela K Zeller1, Jens Fischer1, Nadja Rohr1
1Division of Dental Materials and Engineering, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel.
Dental Materials Journal
|October 8, 2020
Summary
Temperature significantly impacts resin composite cement viscosity during setting. Some cements decrease viscosity at 37°C for faster polymerization, while others increase viscosity.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Polymer Chemistry
Background:
- Resin composite cements are widely used in dental restorations.
- Understanding their setting behavior, particularly viscosity changes, is crucial for clinical success.
- Temperature is a known factor influencing chemical reactions and material properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the viscous behavior of various resin composite cements during their setting reaction.
- To investigate the influence of temperature (23°C and 37°C) on this viscous behavior.
- To compare the setting characteristics of adhesive and self-adhesive resin composite cements.
Main Methods:
- Rheometric measurements were performed on three adhesive (Panavia V5, RelyX Ultimate, Multilink Automix) and three self-adhesive (Panavia SA plus, RelyX Unicem 2 Automix, Multilink SpeedCem) resin composite cements.
- Viscous properties were evaluated during auto-polymerization at 23°C.
- Changes in contact angle and temperature were monitored during auto-polymerization at both 23°C and 37°C.
Main Results:
- Significant variations in viscous behavior were observed among the tested resin composite cements during setting.
- At 37°C, Panavia V5 and Panavia SA plus showed decreased viscosity followed by rapid polymerization.
- At 37°C, RelyX Ultimate and RelyX Unicem 2 Automix exhibited increased viscosity and quick polymerization, while Multilink Automix showed slow polymerization and Multilink SpeedCem polymerized very fast after an initial high viscosity.
Conclusions:
- The temperature significantly influences the viscous behavior and setting kinetics of resin composite cements.
- Different types of resin composite cements (adhesive vs. self-adhesive) exhibit distinct responses to temperature changes during polymerization.
- Clinical application temperatures can affect cement handling properties and setting times, necessitating careful material selection.
Related Concept Videos
01:18Porosity in Cement Paste
358
The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
358
01:25Accelerated Curing of Concrete
348
Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
348
01:12Setting Time of Cement
437
The setting time of cement refers to the process of cement paste transitioning from a plastic state to a solid state. This process is crucial in construction as it dictates the timeframe for concrete placement, compaction, and finishing. The onset of this solidification is termed the initial set, indicating when the paste becomes unworkable. The final set is when the paste has solidified completely, and further handling or manipulation can no longer affect its shape. The cement strength is...
437
01:23Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load
444
Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
444
01:24Hydration of Cement
587
Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
587
01:17Viscosity
6.9K
When water is poured into a glass, it falls freely and quickly, whereas if honey or maple syrup is poured over a pancake, it flows slowly and sticks to the surface of the container. This difference in the flow of different kinds of liquids arises due to the fluid friction between the liquid layers and the liquid and the surrounding material. This property of fluids is called fluid viscosity. In this example, water has a lower viscosity than honey and maple syrup.
The SI unit of viscosity is...
The SI unit of viscosity is...
6.9K