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Published on: August 30, 2018
Successful antibiotic stewardship in hospitalised children in a developing nation
Fatima Mustafa1, L A Koekemoer1, Robin J Green1
1Department of Paediaitrics and Child Health, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa.
Insights
Antimicrobial stewardship adherence improved significantly in a South African pediatric hospital. Correct antibiotic treatment for respiratory infections rose from 41% to 73% over two years.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Rising antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to children's health.
- Healthcare facilities must implement antimicrobial stewardship programs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate antimicrobial stewardship adherence in the Pediatric Department at Central Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa.
Main Methods:
- Reviewed antibiotic prescriptions for pediatric inpatients from January 2017 to January 2019.
- Assessed prescription consistency with the national essential medicines list.
- Utilized a scoring system to determine adherence to policy.
Main Results:
- Overall guideline adherence was 69.3% (range 33-77%).
- Correct treatment for respiratory tract infections significantly increased from 41% to 73% during the study period.
Conclusions:
- This study demonstrates the success of antibiotic stewardship in a South African tertiary pediatric hospital.
- Continued stewardship and adherence to guidelines are crucial for effective antimicrobial use.
Objectives:
Increasing antimicrobial resistance has become a looming threat to paediatric health and, therefore, health facilities are obliged to practice antimicrobial stewardship. This study was undertaken to review stewardship adherence in the Department of Pediatrics at the Central Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa.
Methods:
Antibiotic prescriptions of children admitted to hospital were reviewed for consistency with the national essential medicines list from January 2017 to January 2019. Medical records of children were reviewed to obtain the primary diagnosis, requested laboratory investigations and antibiotic prescription practices. The management was adjudicated as consistent with policy by a score system.
Results:
This study reveals that management was in agreement with standard guidelines in 69.3% of cases, with a range of 33-77%. From the start of the study in January 2017 to the final date in January 2019 there was a significant increase in the number of patients with respiratory tract infections who were treated correctly, increasing from 41% to 73% at study end.
Conclusions:
This study is the first to report the success of antibiotic stewardship in children admitted to a tertiary hospital in South Africa. However, it is critical that antibiotic stewardship be continued and antibiotic prescriptions be aligned with guidelines.
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