Physical exercise in sickle cell anemia: a systematic review
Dayse Mota Rosa Pinto1, Marvyn de Santana do Sacramento2, Pedro Henrique Silva Santos3
1Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy
|October 9, 2020
Summary
Physical exercise can improve physical tolerance in sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients without negative health impacts. This review found low-to-moderate intensity exercise safe and beneficial for individuals with SCA.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Exercise Physiology
- Genetics
Background:
- Sickle cell anemia (SCA) causes red blood cell stiffening, leading to vaso-occlusive crises and systemic complications.
- SCA significantly impacts patients' physical and social activity levels.
- Physical exercise is known to enhance functional capacity and cardiorespiratory fitness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prescription patterns, effects, and safety of physical exercise for individuals with SCA.
- To evaluate how exercise interventions influence the health and well-being of SCA patients.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of clinical trials and cross-sectional studies involving SCA patients and physical exercise or stress tests.
- Literature search conducted across Medline (PubMed), Cochrane, PEDro, and Scielo databases, adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
Main Results:
- Six studies involving 212 patients (ages 13-40) were selected.
- Physical exercise and stress tests were associated with improved individual effort tolerance.
- No significant alterations were observed in the autonomic nervous system, hemorheological, or inflammatory profiles.
Conclusions:
- Low-to-moderate intensity physical exercise enhances tolerance in SCA patients.
- Exercise interventions did not trigger vaso-occlusive crises in the studied population.
- Physical activity is a safe and effective strategy for improving the functional capacity of individuals with SCA.
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