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Tumor Microenvironment: Implications in Melanoma Resistance to Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy

Italia Falcone1, Fabiana Conciatori1, Chiara Bazzichetto1

  • 1Medical Oncology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.

Cancers
|October 10, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Targeted therapies and immunotherapies have advanced melanoma treatment. However, drug resistance persists, with the tumor microenvironment (TME) playing a key role in treatment failure.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Therapeutics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Chemotherapy's limitations paved the way for targeted therapies.
  • Melanoma treatment has advanced with BRAF, MEK, KIT inhibitors, and immunotherapy.
  • Drug resistance remains a significant challenge in melanoma treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel melanoma treatment strategies.
  • To analyze the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in drug resistance.
  • To understand TME-mediated resistance mechanisms against targeted therapy and immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in melanoma treatment.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying drug resistance.
  • Focus on the tumor microenvironment's contribution to resistance.

Main Results:

  • Targeted therapies (BRAF, MEK, KIT inhibitors) and immunotherapy have improved melanoma outcomes.
  • Primary and acquired drug resistance are major hurdles.
  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) is increasingly recognized for its role in promoting resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Despite therapeutic progress, melanoma drug resistance is a critical issue.
  • The tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly influences treatment efficacy.
  • Further research into TME-mediated resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing more effective melanoma therapies.
Keywords:
immunotherapymelanomatargeted therapytherapeutic resistancetumor microenvironment

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