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The effect of concomitant COVID-19 infection on outcomes in patients hospitalized with heart failure

Nikhil Chatrath1, Nandita Kaza1, Punam A Pabari1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.

ESC Heart Failure
|October 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Patients with heart failure (HF) hospitalized with COVID-19 infection face a significantly higher risk of in-hospital death. This highlights the critical need to protect HF patients from COVID-19 exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Patients with cardiovascular disease, particularly heart failure (HF), are recognized as a vulnerable population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • The specific impact of COVID-19 infection on mortality and complications in hospitalized HF patients remained largely unknown prior to this study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the effect of COVID-19 infection on in-hospital mortality among patients with a pre-existing diagnosis of heart failure.
  • To assess the association between COVID-19 infection and adverse outcomes such as acute kidney injury and myocardial injury in HF patients.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis was conducted on 134 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of heart failure between March 1 and May 6, 2020.
  • The study compared outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, acute kidney injury, and myocardial injury, between HF patients with and without concomitant COVID-19 infection.

Main Results:

  • Of 134 hospitalized HF patients, 40 (29.9%) had COVID-19. These patients experienced significantly higher in-hospital mortality (50.0% vs. 10.6%).
  • COVID-19 positive HF patients were more likely to develop acute kidney injury (45% vs. 24.5%), myocardial injury (57.5% vs. 31.9%), and require treatment for superadded bacterial infections (55% vs. 32.5%).

Conclusions:

  • Hospitalized patients with heart failure who contract COVID-19 have a very poor prognosis.
  • This study underscores the necessity of identifying heart failure patients as a high-risk group requiring specific shielding strategies to mitigate COVID-19 risks.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryCOVID-19Heart failureMortalityMyocardial injury

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