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High Prevalence of Left Ventricular Non-Compaction and Its Effect on Chemotherapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction in

Mitsuhito Hirano1, Koichi Kimura2,3,4, Tomohiro Ishigaki1,2

  • 1Department of Hematology/Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo.

Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society
|October 12, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is more common in hematological disease patients and a risk factor for chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Early cardiac screening is recommended for these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Chemotherapy improves survival for hematological diseases but increases chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD).
  • Risk factors and causes for individual variations in CTRCD remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of left ventricular (LV) non-compaction (LVNC) in patients with hematological diseases.
  • To determine if LVNC is associated with CTRCD and impacts LV ejection fraction (LVEF) outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of echocardiograms from 371 patients.
  • Assessed LVNC prevalence and its association with hematological diseases.
  • Used bivariate linear regression to estimate LVEF outcomes over time.

Main Results:

  • LVNC was 6-fold more prevalent in hematological disease patients (12%) vs. non-hematological disease patients (2%).
  • Myeloid diseases were more common in the LVNC group.
  • LVEF deterioration was significantly more severe in patients with LVNC (-14.4%/year) compared to those without (-4.6%/year).

Conclusions:

  • Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is prevalent in hematological disease patients, especially with myeloid diseases.
  • LVNC is a significant risk factor for chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD).
  • Recommend detailed cardiac evaluations, including LVNC screening, for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Abstract

Keywords:
CardiotoxicityCardiovascular disease risk factorsCardiovascular outcomesLeft ventricular non-compactionOncology

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