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Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

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The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
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Regulation of Heart Rates01:31

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The regulation of heart rate is a complex process controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), hormonal influences, and intrinsic cardiac mechanisms. The ANS has two main components: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
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Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

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Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
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Increased pulse rate01:17

Increased pulse rate

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Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
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Special considerations while measuring pulse01:13

Special considerations while measuring pulse

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Assessing a patient's pulse is a fundamental skill in healthcare, but certain situations require special attention:
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Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
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Heart Rate Variability and Exceptional Longevity.

Adrián Hernández-Vicente1,2, David Hernando3,4, Alejandro Santos-Lozano5,6

  • 1GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.

Frontiers in Physiology
|October 12, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heart rate variability (HRV) decreases with age, particularly parasympathetic markers and standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN). Low SDNN in centenarians predicts early mortality, suggesting HRV

Keywords:
agingautonomic nervous systemcentenarianselectrocardiographyheart rateheart rate variabilitymortalityparasympathetic nervous system

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Aging Research
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Biomedical Science

Background:

  • Centenarians represent extreme longevity and healthy aging by delaying age-related diseases.
  • Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a key indicator of autonomic nervous system function and aging.
  • Understanding HRV differences across age groups can elucidate mechanisms of healthy aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare resting HRV between young adults, octogenarians, and centenarians.
  • To determine if HRV variables predict all-cause mortality in centenarians.
  • To investigate the role of HRV in exceptional longevity.

Main Methods:

  • Recruitment of three participant groups: young adults (N=20), octogenarians (N=18), and centenarians (N=17).
  • 15-minute resting-state electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings to measure RR intervals.
  • Calculation of various HRV indices, including standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) and low-frequency (LF) oscillations.

Main Results:

  • A significant age-related decline was observed in parasympathetic HRV indices, SDNN, and LF oscillations.
  • Differences in HRV between octogenarians and centenarians were not statistically significant.
  • In centenarians, SDNN significantly correlated with survival prognosis (ρ = 0.536, p = 0.048).
  • SDNN <19 ms was associated with increased risk of early mortality (≤1 year) in centenarians (HR = 5.72).

Conclusions:

  • HRV indices, including parasympathetic outflow markers, SDNN, and LF, decrease with age.
  • This reduction may reflect the natural exhaustion of age-related allostatic systems.
  • Low SDNN (<19 ms) in centenarians is a potential predictor of early mortality.
  • HRV appears to play a role in exceptional longevity, possibly influenced by the exposome.