Environmental parasitology and its impact on the host nueroimmunoendocrine network

The communication between neuroendocrine and immune system maintains a bidirectional complex network. Both systems jointly act during a parasite infection to maintain homeostasis and to eliminate such pathogens. Parasites interfere with the synthesis, secretion, metabolism, action, and elimination of endogenous hormones, as well as with the immune system in the host. Here, we aim to address as how parasite colonization disrupts the normal homeostasis of endocrine organs of the host, likely due to the exacerbated immune response, or by the impact of the parasite directly affecting endocrine tissues.