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Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization are the methods that help to break the infection chain and prevent disease.
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Updated: Dec 6, 2025

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Review: Trends in Processing Prion-Contaminated Surgical Instruments.

Camila Q M Bruna, Rafael Queiroz de Souza, Kazuko U Graziano

    Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology
    |October 13, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    This review highlights the limited research on effectively cleaning surgical instruments contaminated with prions. Developing optimal prion decontamination protocols for medical devices remains a significant challenge.

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    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Medical Device Sterilization
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Prion diseases pose a significant risk due to their resistance to conventional sterilization methods.
    • Effective decontamination of surgical instruments is crucial to prevent prion transmission.
    • Current protocols for prion-contaminated medical devices are not well-established.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review and summarize existing methods and protocols for processing prion-contaminated surgical instruments.
    • To identify gaps in the research regarding prion decontamination of medical devices.
    • To highlight the need for further investigation into effective sterilization techniques.

    Main Methods:

    • A systematic literature search of PubMed was conducted for studies published between January 2012 and January 2019.
    • Search terms included 'prions', 'decontamination', 'cleaning', 'disinfection', and 'sterilization'.
    • Articles were screened for relevance to medical device surfaces and processing protocols, with data extracted and assessed by independent reviewers.

    Main Results:

    • Out of 627 identified articles, only eight met the inclusion criteria.
    • The review found a limited number of studies investigating prion decontamination protocols for medical devices.
    • Existing research does not provide a definitive best practice for sterilizing prion-contaminated instruments.

    Conclusions:

    • There is a critical need for more research into effective prion decontamination methods for surgical instruments.
    • Developing robust protocols is essential to ensure the safety and integrity of medical devices.
    • The perspectives of sterile processing staff should be considered in future research design.