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Hyaluronic Acid in the Intestinal Tract: Influence of Structure, Rheology, and Mucoadhesion on the Intestinal Uptake
Alexandro Barbosa de Souza1,2, Marco Vinícius Chaud2, Thais Francine Alves2
1Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6066, Campinas 13083 852, SP, Brazil.
Biomolecules
|October 14, 2020
Summary
Oral hyaluronic acid (HA) formulations were studied for their mucoadhesive properties. Intermediate molar mass free HA and mixed formulations showed the best mucoadhesion for gut treatments.
Area of Science:
- Biopolymer science
- Drug delivery systems
- Gastrointestinal research
Background:
- Oral hyaluronic acid (HA) is a biopolymer with potential for treating local and systemic diseases.
- Understanding HA's physicochemical properties is crucial for optimizing its therapeutic applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize different oral hyaluronic acid (HA) formulations, including free HA (f-HA) of varying molar masses, crosslinked nanoparticles (n-HA), and mixed formulations (mixed-HA).
- To evaluate the mucoadhesive properties and intestinal permeability of these HA formulations in vitro and in vivo.
Main Methods:
- Preparation and characterization of f-HA (high, intermediate, low molar mass), n-HA, and mixed-HA formulations.
- In vitro mucoadhesion assays using mucin tablets and rat intestinal mucosa.
- In vivo studies assessing intestinal permeability and blood clearance.
Main Results:
- Intermediate molar mass f-HA and mixed-HA (25% n-HA) exhibited superior mucoadhesion, particularly in the jejunum.
- High molar mass f-HA showed negligible mucoadhesion, while n-HA demonstrated deep membrane diffusion.
- In vivo studies indicated an inverse relationship between mucoadhesion-induced rheological changes and effective intestinal permeability for most formulations.
Conclusions:
- n-HA formulations show promise for targeting tissues beyond the gastrointestinal tract.
- Intermediate molar mass f-HA and mixed-HA formulations are suitable for treating gut dysbiosis.
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