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An Efficient Two-Factor Authentication Scheme Based on the Merkle Tree.

Xinming Yin1,2, Junhui He3, Yi Guo1

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new Merkle tree-based One-Time Password (MOTP) algorithm offers efficient two-factor authentication. MOTP enhances security against server breaches and improves One-Time Password generation and verification speed.

Keywords:
Merkle treehash chainone-time passwordtwo-factor authentication

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Area of Science:

  • Cryptography
  • Information Security
  • Computer Science

Background:

  • Time-based One-Time Password (TOTP) is widely used for two-factor authentication, relying on a shared secret key.
  • A vulnerability exists where server compromise can lead to One-Time Password (OTP) leakage.
  • Existing hash chain-based solutions like T/Key suffer from low efficiency in OTP generation and verification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel and efficient Merkle tree-based One-Time Password (MOTP) algorithm.
  • To address the limitations of existing OTP algorithms, particularly T/Key.
  • To enhance security against server-side key compromise in two-factor authentication.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a Merkle tree-based algorithm for One-Time Password generation and verification.
  • Comparative analysis of MOTP against T/Key in terms of hash operations.
  • Evaluation of storage requirements for both client and server.
  • Security analysis to assess resistance against leakage attacks.

Main Results:

  • MOTP significantly reduces the number of hash operations for OTP generation and verification compared to T/Key.
  • The proposed algorithm requires minimal server storage and tolerable client storage.
  • Experimental analysis confirms the efficiency gains and security benefits of MOTP.
  • MOTP demonstrates resilience against server leakage attacks.

Conclusions:

  • MOTP presents a more efficient and secure alternative for two-factor authentication compared to T/Key.
  • The algorithm effectively mitigates risks associated with server key compromise.
  • MOTP introduces only a minor increase in authentication and verification time, making it practical for real-world applications.