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Does female labor share reduce embodied carbon in trade?
Shuhong Wang1, Zhengzheng Li1, Hongyan Zhang2
1School of Economics, Institute of Marine Development, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|October 14, 2020
Summary
Increasing female labor share reduces trade-related carbon emissions. This effect is more pronounced with higher education and female political participation, particularly in developing nations.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Economics
- Ecofeminism
- Sustainable Development
Background:
- Trade-related carbon emissions pose a significant environmental challenge.
- The role of gender in environmental sustainability is increasingly recognized.
- Ecofeminist perspectives offer a framework for understanding the intersection of gender and environment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of female labor share on trade-related embodied carbon emissions.
- To explore the mediating roles of education and female political participation.
- To differentiate effects in developed versus developing countries.
Main Methods:
- Econometric analysis using regression models.
- Inclusion of control variables such as education level and female political participation.
- Sectoral and country-level analysis (developed vs. developing).
Main Results:
- An increased female labor share is associated with reduced embodied carbon emissions in trade.
- This relationship is strengthened by controlling for education and female political participation.
- Developed countries see reductions mainly in the service sector, while developing countries show reductions in both service and industrial sectors for exports and imports, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Encouraging female employment can be a viable policy to mitigate trade-related carbon emissions.
- Gender equality and female empowerment are crucial components of sustainable trade policies.
- Tailored strategies considering national development levels are necessary for effective emission reduction.
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