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Metastasis02:30

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone
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Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone

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Bone metastases.

Robert E Coleman1, Peter I Croucher2,3, Anwar R Padhani4

  • 1Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. r.e.coleman@sheffield.ac.uk.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|October 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone metastases, common in breast and prostate cancers, cause destruction and pain. This overview covers clinical features, pathophysiology, and treatments to manage bone metastases and myeloma bone disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Orthopedics
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Bone is a common site for metastasis from various cancers, including breast and prostate.
  • Disseminated tumor cells in bone can enter dormancy, reactivate, and cause osteolytic bone destruction.
  • Bone metastases and myeloma bone disease lead to significant morbidity, impacting quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of bone metastases and myeloma bone disease.
  • To discuss the clinical features and pathophysiology of tumor cell colonization and dormancy in bone.
  • To outline current and emerging treatment strategies for preventing and managing skeletal complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical features and pathophysiology of bone metastases.
  • Analysis of treatment approaches including systemic anticancer therapies.
  • Evaluation of bone-targeted agents, local treatments, and supportive care.

Main Results:

  • Bone metastases cause significant skeletal morbidity, including pain and fractures.
  • Multidisciplinary supportive care, including bone-targeted agents and local treatments, is crucial for disease control.
  • While rarely curative, treatments can manage bone metastases and myeloma bone disease for extended periods.

Conclusions:

  • Bone metastases represent a significant clinical challenge requiring a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Understanding pathophysiology aids in developing targeted therapies to inhibit osteolysis and prevent skeletal morbidity.
  • Effective management strategies can improve quality of life for patients with bone metastases and myeloma bone disease.