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Related Concept Videos

Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now?
The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.The collection of fossils within sedimentary rocks give a record of common ancestry and often depicts the history of evolution.
Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC): Overview01:11

Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC): Overview

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique that separates compounds based on their polarity. TLC typically uses polar silica gel, a form of silicon dioxide, as the stationary phase. The silica gel contains hydroxyl (OH) groups on its surface, which form hydrogen bonds with polar compounds, influencing their adhesion to the stationary phase.
To begin the analysis, a mixture of compounds is spotted on the starting line on the TLC plate using a thin capillary. The bottom of the...
Crossover Experiments01:16

Crossover Experiments

Crossover experiments, also called the repeated-measurements design, is a study design in which all experimental units are exposed to all treatments in different periods. Crossover experiments are generally used in psychology, the pharmaceutical industry, agriculture, and medicine.
Crossover designs are performed even with smaller sample sizes since the samples can act as their controls. These are better than simple randomized trials since patients are exposed to all the treatments.
Critical Thinking01:19

Critical Thinking

Critical thinking involves reflective and productive thinking and the evaluation of evidence. Critical thinkers seek to understand the deeper meaning of ideas, question assumptions, and make independent decisions about what to believe or do. Scientists, for instance, are often critical thinkers. Critical thinking also requires humility about what we know and don't know and the motivation to look beyond the obvious. It is essential for effective problem-solving.
Colleges and universities are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement
08:50

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

Published on: March 26, 2018

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TAVI-thick on technology but thin on evidence.

Kunal Sarkar1

  • 1Medica Superspecialty Hospital, Kolkata, 700099 India.

Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
|October 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is expanding to lower-risk patients, but concerns remain regarding evidence strength, device durability, and pacemaker needs. Future trials must address these limitations for TAVI

Area of Science:

  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Medical Device Technology

Background:

  • Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a rapidly advancing interventional cardiology procedure.
  • Initially indicated for inoperable and high-risk patients, TAVI is now being considered for intermediate and low-risk individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight current concerns regarding the clinical application of TAVI.
  • To critically assess the evidence base, durability, and pacemaker requirements associated with TAVI procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies and clinical trial data on TAVI.
  • Analysis of reported outcomes, focusing on durability and post-procedural complications like pacemaker dependency.

Main Results:

Keywords:
Aortic valveTAVITrial

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement
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414
  • Evidence supporting TAVI in lower-risk populations requires further strengthening.
  • Concerns persist regarding the long-term durability of TAVI devices.
  • Pacemaker implantation rates following TAVI warrant careful consideration and further investigation.

    • Conclusions:

    • The expanding use of TAVI necessitates a robust evaluation of its evidence base and long-term outcomes.
    • Addressing concerns about durability and pacemaker requirements is crucial for the continued safe and effective application of TAVI.
    • Future research and transparent reporting of updated data are essential to guide clinical practice and policy.