Nonpharmacologic therapy of hypertension

At least seven nondrug therapies have been shown to reduce the blood pressure in some hypertensive patients. Although each has its detractors, I believe most should be utilized in the therapy of most hypertensives. Some, such as weight reduction for the obese, decreased saturated fat intake, regular isotonic exercise, and moderation of alcohol, can be enthusiastically advocated for everyone, since they may accomplish additional improvements in overall cardiovascular risk beyond their effect on blood pressure. Others such as moderate sodium restriction, adequate dietary sources of potassium, magnesium, and calcium, and relaxation therapy, can be helpful in at least some hypertensives and should be appropriately applied to the therapy of those who may benefit. To varying degrees, nondrug therapies should be included in the treatment of all patients with hypertension.