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High progesterone levels facilitate women's social information processing by optimizing attention allocation.

Jing Wang1, Antao Chen1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.

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Progesterone influences social information processing by enhancing attention allocation, particularly for emotional stimuli. This may optimize social cognition but could also increase susceptibility to stress and mood disturbances.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Ovarian hormones, specifically estradiol and progesterone, impact social information processing.
  • The precise roles of estradiol and progesterone in social cognition across the menstrual cycle are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific effects of estradiol and progesterone on social information processing throughout the natural menstrual cycle.
  • To examine how these hormones influence attentional networks and emotional face perception.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-six healthy women with natural menstrual cycles participated.
  • Participants completed the emotional face flanker task and the attentional network test (ANT) during three phases: menses, follicular, and luteal.
  • Hormone levels were assessed during each testing phase.

Main Results:

  • Progesterone levels positively correlated with reaction times to sad faces in the emotional face flanker task, suggesting enhanced social monitoring.
  • In the attentional network test (ANT), women in the luteal phase showed increased reaction times and accuracy, indicating a more attentive, albeit conservative, allocation strategy.
  • These findings suggest progesterone optimizes attention allocation for social stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated progesterone levels appear to facilitate social information processing by enhancing attention allocation.
  • Overactivation of the social monitoring system, potentially linked to high progesterone, might contribute to stress susceptibility and affective disturbances.
  • This research offers insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of premenstrual dysphoric disorder.