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Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research
Published on: October 22, 2014
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Markers of Endothelial Cells in Normal and Pathological Conditions
N V Goncharov1,2, P I Popova3, P P Avdonin4
1Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Summary
This review defines endothelial cells (ECs) and their surface markers, which indicate cell state and are crucial for vascular health. Understanding these markers aids in diagnosing and treating diseases linked to endothelial dysfunction.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Pathophysiology
Background:
- Endothelial cells (ECs) form the critical interface between blood/lymph and tissues.
- Their strategic location is vital for regulating vascular tone, hemostasis, and inflammation.
- Endothelial dysfunction is implicated in numerous diseases, acting as both cause and consequence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define endothelial markers (surface antigens).
- To list key endothelial markers.
- To explore marker expression mechanisms and the endothelium's role in pathology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of endothelial cell biology and pathology.
- Analysis of scientific literature on endothelial markers and their functions.
- Synthesis of information on endothelial cell phenotypes in disease states.
Main Results:
- Endothelial markers are transmembrane proteins reflecting cell state.
- A comprehensive list of endothelial markers is presented.
- Mechanisms of marker expression and their link to endothelial dysfunction in diseases are discussed.
Conclusions:
- Endothelial markers are crucial diagnostic and prognostic indicators.
- Understanding endothelial markers deepens insights into vascular health and disease.
- Targeting endothelial markers may offer therapeutic strategies for vascular pathologies.
