Nanoparticle coatings for stir bar sorptive extraction, synthesis, characterization and application

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Environmental Science

Background:

• The use of nano-particles (NPs) in scientific research has surged, with publications increasing 40-fold in the last decade.
• Nano-particle applications are expanding, particularly in advanced analytical techniques.
• Stir bar sorption extraction (SBSE) is a key sample preparation method gaining importance in green chemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review the literature on nano-coatings used as media for microextraction by stir bar.
• To analyze the different types of nano-coatings, including non-functionalized, functionalized, and decorated NPs.
• To critically evaluate the applications, advantages, and disadvantages of nano-coated stir bars in SBSE.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific articles on nano-coatings for SBSE.
• Categorization of nano-coatings into non-functionalized (metallic/metallic oxide, graphene-based), functionalized, and decorated types.
• Discussion of the preparation and application of various nano-coated stir bars.

Main Results:

• Nano-particle coatings significantly enhance the capacity, robustness, and selectivity of SBSE.
• Non-functionalized NPs (e.g., metallic, oxide, graphene) offer a foundation for SBSE coatings.
• Functionalized and decorated NPs provide tailored properties for specific analytes, advancing green sample preparation.

Conclusions:

• Nano-coatings represent a significant advancement in SBSE technology, improving extraction efficiency and selectivity.
• The diversity of nano-coating strategies allows for versatile applications in microextraction.
• Further critical evaluation of methods utilizing nano-coated stir bars is essential for optimizing green sample preparation techniques.