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Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

903
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
903

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Copper Supplementation, A Challenge in Cattle.

Marta López-Alonso1, Marta Miranda2

  • 1Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002 Lugo, Spain.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|October 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ruminant copper supplementation is complex due to interactions with molybdenum and sulfur. Over-supplementation risks copper toxicity in cattle, necessitating careful monitoring and tailored feeding strategies for herd health.

Keywords:
cattlecopperdeficiencysupplementationtoxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Nutrition
  • Ruminant Metabolism

Background:

  • Copper metabolism in ruminants is intricate, influenced by molybdenum and sulfur (Cu-Mo-S interactions).
  • Ruminants, especially cattle, are prone to secondary copper deficiency.
  • Excessive copper supplementation, even slightly above requirements, can lead to toxicosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review copper metabolism in cattle.
  • To guide nutritionists and veterinary practitioners on adequate copper supply.
  • To prevent excessive hepatic copper loading and toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of copper metabolism and toxicity in ruminants.
  • Analysis of monitoring studies on hepatic copper concentrations in cattle.
  • Examination of factors contributing to copper overfeeding.

Main Results:

  • Increased reports of copper toxicity in cattle globally, particularly dairy herds.
  • Monitoring reveals high hepatic copper levels in many cattle populations worldwide.
  • Copper overfeeding stems from misunderstanding metabolism and a "more is better" approach.

Conclusions:

  • Copper supplementation requires careful consideration of the narrow safety margins in ruminants.
  • Dietary copper antagonists must be factored into supplementation strategies.
  • Individualized, "à la carte" copper supplementation is crucial for each herd to prevent toxicity.