Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

363
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
363
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

553
Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
553
Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

418
The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
418
Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview01:23

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

1.1K
Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...
1.1K
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

57.6K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
57.6K
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

3.1K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unusual Pattern of Cerebral Electrical Activity in the Mongolian Hamster (Allocricetulus curtatus) During Heterothermia.

Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections·2025
Same author

[Biologically active molecules and sleep].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2022
Same author

Pannexin 1 Transgenic Mice: Human Diseases and Sleep-Wake Function Revision.

International journal of molecular sciences·2021
Same author

Corrigendum to "Comparative Analysis of Context-Dependent Mutagenesis Using Human and Mouse Models".

BioMed research international·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Simultaneous Electroencephalography, Real-time Measurement of Lactate Concentration and Optogenetic Manipulation of Neuronal Activity in the Rodent Cerebral Cortex
10:45

Simultaneous Electroencephalography, Real-time Measurement of Lactate Concentration and Optogenetic Manipulation of Neuronal Activity in the Rodent Cerebral Cortex

Published on: December 19, 2012

20.6K

[D-lactate as a novel somnogenic factor?]

V M Kovalzon1,2, Yu V Panchin2,3

  • 1Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|October 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Intracerebral L-lactate does not affect the sleep-wake cycle in rats. However, D-lactate significantly reduces wakefulness and increases slow-wave sleep, suggesting it may antagonize L-lactate receptors.

Keywords:
lactatesleep-wake

More Related Videos

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice
08:45

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice

Published on: January 25, 2016

24.9K
The Effect of Anti-Fatigue Decoction on the Behaviors and Serological Indicators in a Central Fatigue Rat Model
05:38

The Effect of Anti-Fatigue Decoction on the Behaviors and Serological Indicators in a Central Fatigue Rat Model

Published on: April 12, 2024

485

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 5, 2025

Simultaneous Electroencephalography, Real-time Measurement of Lactate Concentration and Optogenetic Manipulation of Neuronal Activity in the Rodent Cerebral Cortex
10:45

Simultaneous Electroencephalography, Real-time Measurement of Lactate Concentration and Optogenetic Manipulation of Neuronal Activity in the Rodent Cerebral Cortex

Published on: December 19, 2012

20.6K
Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice
08:45

Polygraphic Recording Procedure for Measuring Sleep in Mice

Published on: January 25, 2016

24.9K
The Effect of Anti-Fatigue Decoction on the Behaviors and Serological Indicators in a Central Fatigue Rat Model
05:38

The Effect of Anti-Fatigue Decoction on the Behaviors and Serological Indicators in a Central Fatigue Rat Model

Published on: April 12, 2024

485

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Lactate is a key metabolite with roles beyond energy production.
  • The specific functions of different lactate isomers in the central nervous system are not fully understood.
  • Investigating lactate's influence on physiological processes like sleep is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the effect of intracerebral L-lactate concentration on the sleep-wake cycle.
  • To compare the effects of L-lactate with its optical isomer, D-lactate, on sleep architecture.

Main Methods:

  • Adult male rats were surgically implanted with electrodes for neocortical electroencephalography (EEG) and a cannula into the lateral ventricle.
  • Intracerebral injections of saline (control), sodium L-lactate, or sodium D-lactate were administered.
  • Continuous EEG recordings were conducted for 6 hours post-injection to analyze sleep-wake states.

Main Results:

  • Intracerebral administration of L-lactate did not significantly alter the sleep-wake cycle compared to saline controls.
  • In contrast, D-lactate administration led to a significant decrease in wakefulness (from 34.8% to 26.5%) and a significant increase in slow-wave sleep (from 57.4% to 69.2%).

Conclusions:

  • L-lactate does not appear to modulate the sleep-wake cycle in experimental animals.
  • D-lactate significantly impacts sleep architecture, suggesting a potential role as an antagonist to L-lactate receptors.
  • These findings highlight the stereospecificity of lactate's actions in the brain and open avenues for further research into lactate receptor interactions.