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Echocardiographic changes following active heat acclimation.

Iain T Parsons1, Daniel Snape2, John O'Hara2

  • 1Research and Clinical Innovation, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK; School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, UK.

Journal of Thermal Biology
|October 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Heat acclimation enhances cardiovascular stability by increasing stroke volume. This study confirms that 2D transthoracic echocardiography can effectively measure cardiac adaptations following heat acclimation in athletes.

Keywords:
Diastolic functionEchocardiographyHeat acclimationHeat adaptationPlasma volumePreloadStroke volume

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Adaptation
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Heat acclimation improves cardiovascular stability by maintaining cardiac output through increased stroke volume.
  • 2D transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to assess cardiac structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of 2D TTE in detecting cardiac parameter changes after active heat acclimation (HA).
  • To quantify cardiac adaptations in endurance athletes following a controlled heat exposure protocol.

Main Methods:

  • Thirteen male cyclists underwent blinded TTE before and after 5 days of either heat exposure (HOT) or temperate conditions (TEMP).
  • Heat acclimation measures included heart rate, gastrointestinal temperature, sweat loss, and plasma volume.
  • Echocardiographic parameters such as left ventricular end-diastolic volume and stroke volume were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The HOT group showed significantly increased sweat loss and total non-urinary fluid loss compared to the TEMP group.
  • Post-acclimation TTE revealed significant increases in left ventricular end-diastolic volume, stroke volume, and left atrial volume in the HOT group.
  • A significant difference in mean peak diastolic mitral annular velocity (e') was observed, indicating improved ventricular filling.

Conclusions:

  • Active heat acclimation leads to significant cardiovascular adaptations, primarily mediated by increased preload and ventricular compliance.
  • 2D transthoracic echocardiography is a valuable tool for demonstrating and quantifying cardiac changes associated with heat acclimation.