Perioperative care in cancer surgery
1Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
|August 1, 1987
Summary
This review examines mortality and morbidity in elderly patients undergoing major cancer surgery. It highlights preoperative risk assessment and perioperative care for optimizing outcomes in older adults.
Area of Science:
- Geriatric Medicine
- Surgical Oncology
- Anesthesiology
Background:
- Major thoracic and abdominal surgeries, often cancer-related, pose significant risks for elderly patients.
- Aging physiology affects cardiac, pulmonary, and renal functions, increasing surgical morbidity.
- Effective perioperative management is crucial for improving outcomes in this demographic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current data on mortality and morbidity in elderly patients undergoing major thoracic and abdominal surgery.
- To discuss preoperative risk assessment strategies and their components.
- To provide perioperative recommendations for elderly surgical patients, including those with comorbidities.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on mortality and morbidity in elderly surgical patients.
- Discussion of physiological changes associated with aging relevant to surgery.
- Analysis of preoperative risk assessment tools and indexes.
- Compilation of general and specific perioperative recommendations.
Main Results:
- Mortality and morbidity rates in elderly patients undergoing major surgery are influenced by age-related physiological changes.
- Comprehensive preoperative assessment, including clinical, laboratory, and radiologic evaluations, is essential for risk stratification.
- Specific patient populations with comorbidities (cardiac, cerebrovascular, renal disease, diabetes, hypertension, thromboembolic disease) require tailored perioperative care.
Conclusions:
- Optimizing surgical outcomes in elderly patients necessitates a thorough understanding of age-related risks and comorbidities.
- Multifaceted preoperative risk assessment and individualized perioperative management are key to reducing mortality and morbidity.
- Evidence-based recommendations for perioperative care can guide clinicians in managing older adults undergoing major cancer surgery.
More Related Videos
06:40An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery
Published on: June 8, 2021
05:22Intraoperative Strategy under Complex Vascular Adhesion for Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Bismuth-Corlette Type IIIb Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma
Published on: February 13, 2026
Related Concept Videos
01:16Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps
A tracheostomy is a surgical technique that involves making an incision in the neck to provide access to the trachea. It is frequently used in medical conditions such as airway obstruction and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Effective nursing management is crucial for the long-term success of a tracheostomy.
Required Equipment
The equipment necessary for tracheostomy care includes:
Required Equipment
The equipment necessary for tracheostomy care includes:
01:26Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy
Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
01:28Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management
Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
01:23Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management
During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
01:22Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management
Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
01:26Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...