Tensor vastus intermedius: a review of its discovery, morphology and clinical importance

This review aims to summarise the relevant literature surrounding the tensor vastus intermedius, a newly discovered muscle, and to discuss its morphology and potential clinical importance. No such review currently exists in the literature.

A comprehensive literature search regarding the tensor vastus intermedius was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar in July 2020. Principles of Evidence-Based Anatomy and the Anatomical Quality Assessment Tool were employed to ensure a high-level review. All relevant papers were included and citation tracking was performed to uncover further publications.

The tensor vastus intermedius is found in the anterior compartment of the thigh and has a similar morphology to the other vasti muscles. It has four main variations and a consistent neurovascular supply. The muscle has been implicated in a number of case reports and surgical procedures, which are described in detail in this paper.

In the 4 years since the tensor vastus intermedius was formally described, a significant amount of work has been done to help us understand its structure and function. Further efforts are needed to gain a full picture as to its clinical importance. As such, it is recommended that this muscle should be acknowledged in anatomical education.