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Laser Driven Miniature Diamond Implant for Wireless Retinal Prostheses.

Arman Ahnood1,2, Ross Cheriton3,4, Anne Bruneau4

  • 1School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.

Advanced Biosystems
|October 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a wireless, miniature epiretinal stimulator implant powered by near-infrared light. This novel design enables sophisticated, minimally invasive visual prosthetics with enhanced functionality.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Epiretinal stimulation is a key strategy for visual prosthetics.
  • Existing implants face challenges with miniaturization, power delivery, and surgical complexity.
  • Wireless, minimally invasive solutions are needed for advanced visual restoration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate a wireless, miniature epiretinal stimulator implant.
  • To utilize optical powering and control for enhanced functionality and reduced invasiveness.
  • To develop a compact implant with high electrode density and sophisticated stimulation capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a miniature epiretinal implant (4.6 mm x 3.7 mm x 0.9 mm).
  • Optical powering using an ultrahigh efficiency photovoltaic (PV) cell (55% monochromatic power conversion efficiency) and near-infrared wavelengths.
Keywords:
electronicimplantlaserphotovoltaicretina

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  • Control via an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) with a digital control unit and programming through a single photodiode.
  • High-density integration using diamond packaging technology for 256 electrodes.
  • On-board photodetection circuitry with 3.7 MHz bandwidth for data telemetry.

    • Main Results:

    • Successful benchtop operation of the wireless miniature epiretinal stimulator implant.
    • Demonstration of optical powering and control using safe near-infrared illumination.
    • Achieved high-density integration of 256 electrodes within a compact package.
    • Validated the use of an ultrahigh efficiency PV cell for implant power.
    • Showcased forward data telemetry for stimulation parameters.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed implant offers a route to fully wireless, miniaturized, and minimally invasive visual prosthetics.
    • Optical powering and control significantly reduce implant size and surgical complexity compared to coil-based systems.
    • The combination of implant miniaturization and a dedicated stimulator chip enables flexible and sophisticated stimulation strategies.
    • This technology advances the development of next-generation visual neuroprostheses.